3 Walter Benjamin, "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction," in Walter Benjamin, lluminatio-ns: Essays and Reflections, ed. Hannah Arendt (New York: Schocken, 1968),240; and Walter Benjamin, "On the Mimetic Faculty," in Reflections: Essays, Aphorisms, Autobiographical Writings, trans. Edmund Jephcott (New York: Schocken, 1978),333-336. 3 See Linda Williams, "Film Bodies: Gender, Genre, and Excess," Film Quarterly 44, no. 4(summer 1991): 2-13; "Corporealized Observers: Visual Pornographies and the Carnal Density of Vision," in Fugitive Images: From Photography to Video, ed. Patrice Petro (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995), 3-41; and "The Visual and Carnal Pleasures of Moving-Image Pornography:A Brief History”(unpublished manuscript);后一篇文章最 后收入1999年版的结尾, Linda Wi...